Efecto de la inversión extranjera directa en la recaudación fiscal: Un enfoque integral con factores clave de las provincias del Ecuador (2017-2023)

Abstract

The present study aims to analyze the relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and tax revenue in Ecuador in a given time period (2017-2023). Through a Two-Way Fixed Effects model, it was found that a 1% increase in FDI is associated with a 0.006% reduction in tax revenue from income tax. Additionally, a descriptive analysis of FDI was conducted to examine its behavior and distribution within the country, revealing that it tends to be concentrated in regions with greater industrial development or in consolidated economic sectors. The findings suggest that FDI has a negative effect on income tax collection one year later. Considering the limitations of the study, it is recommended to further explore the mechanisms through which FDI affects tax collection, expand the temporal and geographic scope of the analysis and implement alternative methodologies to enrich the conclusions. Key words: Ecuador, Foreign direct investment, Income tax, Tax revenue, Two-Way Fixed Effects.