Diseño y desarrollo de un sistema de muestreo para el diagnóstico de plagas y organismos controladores en áreas del Archipiélago Galápagos.

Abstract

In the Galapagos, a recognized natural heritage, the conservation of biodiversity in terrestrial ecosystems and food security depends on the use of responsible agricultural practices. The design of a comprehensive monitoring and sampling system for the collection and identification of pest and beneficial insects in 11 farms located between the rural parishes of Santa Rosa and Bellavista was proposed. The objective was to provide technical information through a field guide for producers of short-cycle crops in greenhouse conditions. The monitoring and sampling plan used in the field was carried out by establishing zigzag transects for the collection of samples, their subsequent conservation and taxonomic identification using dichotomous keys and digital tools. The heterogeneity obtained from the result of families identified as harmful to crops (65%) and pollinating, predatory or organic matter decomposing habits classified as beneficial (35%) preceded the calculation of the Shannon (1.96) and Simpson (0.21) indices, which suggest that the insect community in Santa Rosa is more diverse and balanced than that of Bellavista. The preparation of the technical manual is a tool that encourages the process of monitoring and identifying insects of agricultural importance for producers in Santa Cruz. Keywords: Identification, dichotomous keys, biodiversity, pest insects, controlling organisms.