Diseño de un sistema de aislamiento acústico para generadores eléctricos comerciales

Abstract

The noise emission of portable generators from 3 kW to 6.6 kW is addressed through the design of an acoustic insulation system. The objective is to attenuate sound pressure levels to limits compatible with TULSMA and maintain safe thermal conditions. The hypothesis is that a simple panel with mass (1 mm A36 steel), absorbent material (30 mm rock wool) and ventilation, reduces the 𝐿𝑃𝐼𝐿 below regulatory limits, maintaining an internal temperature 𝑇𝑠,2≤50°𝐶 stipulated by manufacturers. The system is designed for generators with maximum dimensions x=640 mm, y=670 mm and z=740 mm. Thermal and acoustic behaviors were modeled mathematically, using SolidWorks for thermal simulations, and sound pressure levels 𝐿𝑝 were recorded using a SoftdB Piccolo-II sound level meter. The 𝐿𝑝 at 1 meter were measured in octave bands, 𝐿𝑤 was calculated and 𝐿𝑝 was projected at 2 meters with 𝑄=2. The thermal analysis yielded a maximum 𝑇𝑠,2 of 44.07 °C; and acoustically, 𝐿𝑤,𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙=99 𝑑𝐵 and 𝐿𝑝,𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙(2 m)=85 𝑑𝐵 were obtained. With the integrated insulation, 𝐿𝑃𝐼𝐿,𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙(2 m)=57.9 dB(A) and 𝐼𝐿𝑔𝑙𝑜𝑏𝑎𝑙=18.9 dB were obtained, complying with TULSMA in residential, commercial and industrial contexts. Therefore, the acoustic insulation design is viable, safe and replicable. Keywords: Insertion loss, sound pressure level, forced ventilation, rock wool, noise pollution.