Bionanopartículas de plata a partir de hongos nativos para el control de insectos en biomateriales a base de micelio

Abstract

This study reports the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from native fungi of the Bosque Protector Prosperina, with the aim of evaluating their effect as a control agent against the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) and exploring their application in mycelium-based biomaterials. The hypothesis states that fungal nanoparticles, obtained through green synthesis, represent a sustainable alternative to commercial nanoparticles, enhancing the protection of biodegradable materials and reducing the use of conventional pesticides. AgNPs were synthesized from liquid fungal cultures, and their formation was confirmed by color change and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Subsequently, feeding bioassays were conducted with flour discs treated at different concentrations, recording consumption and mortality parameters under controlled conditions. The results showed that fungal AgNPs significantly reduced food consumption, whereas the commercial product Argovit® exhibited negative deterrent indices. In conclusion, biosynthesized AgNPs represent a pioneering and promising alternative for the protection of mycelium-based biomaterials, opening an unprecedented field in the development of biodegradable materials with insecticidal properties. Keywords: Green synthesis, nanoparticles, biomaterials, biological control.