Análisis del comportamiento estructural en refuerzos híbridos de polímero reforzado con fibra y aluminio

Abstract

This experimental study analyzes the mechanical behavior of Omega frames in a hybrid configuration of PRFV and marine aluminum, evaluating their structural viability for naval applications. The specimens were designed according to ISO 12215 and ABS standards and manufactured by hand-laminating fiberglass with epoxy resin. In the hybrid specimens, 1.1 mm and 2 mm thick sheets of marine aluminum were incorporated in the crown area, where the greatest stresses are concentrated, with the PRFV layers proportionally reduced. The mechanical behavior was evaluated using three-point bending tests according to ASTM D790, recording force-displacement curves to analyze maximum load, deformation, and failure modes. The comparative analysis revealed significant differences in stiffness, crack initiation, and structural collapse between conventional and hybrid specimens, demonstrating the influence of metal thickness on damage progression. The specimens were 11% similar in structural strength to conventional specimens, despite having a 23% lower PRFV. The results demonstrate the potential of hybrid frames to reduce weight and optimize structural efficiency, providing valuable criteria for the design and manufacture of composite naval structures. Keywords: Viability, load, structural collapse, strength.