Evaluación de la Presencia de Hongos Micorrícicos Arbusculares (HMA) en finca del trópico húmedo, Pallatanga-Ecuador

Abstract

On the farm Martha Samaniego- located in the canton Pallatanga Pallatanga, the presence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in various native plantings site is determined by detecting the greatest amount of mycorrhizal sporulation and Banana plantations (Musa sp.) and Niguito (Muntingia calabura). The moisture in the soil samples tested, ranging from 32% to 36%, and the average ground pH is 5.0. The percentage of native mycorrhizal interest in plantations, was between 53% and 33% for bananas in niguito. HMAS species identified in both plantations, mostly belong to the genera Acaulospora, diversispora and Glomus. Consortium of viable spores in banana and niguito were isolated, the same that were inoculated in the trap plants maize (Zea mays), using as substrate a mixture in 50/50 proportions of sand and soil. An increase in the percentage of colonization of both consortia trap crops compared to native percentage thercof is determined. The versatility of these fungi to adapt to most terrestrial plantations, demonstrate their potential to be used as bio-fertilizers in farming systems to support the conservation of ecosystems at risk and phytoremediadors systems.