Protocolo de bioseguridad para el control biológico dentro del transporte de postlarva litopenaeus vannamei

Abstract

Today, there are many factors that intervene in shrimp larvae hatcheries and in the process of transporting them, so it is difficult to identify the causes for which they die affecting the profitability of the companies that are dedicated to this crop. In addition, these causes have not been documented, so making corrections has not yet been possible. Due to, the present study aims to design a biosafety protocol for the transport of white shrimp L. vannamei postlarvae, from the larviculture laboratory to shrimp farms. The research was carried out in a larval laboratory located in the sector known as "La Diablica" located on the main road of Punta Carnero, in the canton of Salinas, province of Santa Elena, Ecuador. In order to fulfill the objective of the research, a control process/protocol was developed for the transport of shrimp larvae, with the aim of mentioning its critical points of biological risk. Where the control measures were evaluated, through experimental methodologies, worker surveys, DMAIC methodology and thus achieve the implementation of a biosafety protocol. It was concluded that asepsis within transport processes is highly important because its absence can encourage an increase in the pathogenic bacterial load and cause postlarvae mortality. In addition to this, the proposed control measures were successfully developed, managing to restructure the protocol that the company had, or proposing a new protocol for the transport process, increasing the survival of the postlarvae upon arrival at the shrimp farm, which generates more profitability. Finally, the application of the biosafety protocol in the transport process corroborated the importance of managing these processes under a strict regimen to obtain significantly good results.