Evaluación de las respuestas al déficit hídrico de leguminosas de interés comercial en el Ecuador

Abstract

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is the legume with the highest production in Ecuador. It has biological, ecological, social and economic benefits that are considered potential adversaries of malnutrition and hunger due to its high protein content and its high production and consumption worldwide. However, in the last 15 years, its production has decrease considerably owing to climate change, being water stress the main cause. The purpose of this research is to characterize the sprouts of common bean varieties (Phaseolus vulgaris) by using proteomic tools and find proteins that allow discrimination of susceptible varieties from resistant ones. Six varieties of common bean were planted in water stress conditions with five water treatments for 15 days, proteins were extracted with TCA / Phenol protocol and molecular separations by the SDS-PAGE method where the variety is finally found and its respective treatment analyzed and evaluated with ANOVA, PLS-DA and Heatmap. Finally, ranges of molecular weights are found; proteins like the phasesolinas, dehydratinas, arcelinas, lectins and heat shock proteins appears as the plant is under stress; Moreover, the variety with the greatest resistance in stress was the INIAP 473 and the variety INIAP 482.