Caracterización de fracciones Bioactivas de Isostichopus fuscus con potencial modulador de la ANGIOGÉNESIS para el desarrollo de nuevas alternativas clínicas

Abstract

The present study focused on the evaluation of fractions obtained from species of sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus, a species distributed throughout the Pacific Ocean, including the Ecuadorian coast and the Galápagos Islands. The main objective was the determination of its angiogenesis-modulating potential as a possible future therapeutic alternative, oriented toward chronic diseases such as cancer and diabetes. For the development of this project, three experimental designs were applied, encompassing: type of biomass (wet or dry), extraction treatment (maceration and/or ultrasound), and fractionation based on decreasing polarity (using methanol:chloroform proportions). A qualitative phytochemical characterization was performed, which showed the predominant presence of phenolic compounds and terpenoids in all fractions. Bioactivity was evaluated through antioxidant assays (DPPH), the plant model Allium cepa, an in vitro model using four cancer cell lines (HeLa, PC-3, RKO, and T47-D), and the in ovo chorioallantoic membrane model of chicken embryos (CAM assay). Additionally, the identification of phenolic compounds in the most bioactive fractions, corresponding to intermediate polarity, was carried out by UHPLC analysis. The findings evidenced the presence of compounds with antioxidant activity, stimulatory effects on cell growth (Allium cepa model and cancer cell lines), and pro-angiogenic effects (in ovo CAM model). The results of this study suggest that I. fuscus fractions possess bioactive potential of interest and are consolidated as a basis for future research. Bioactivity, sea cucumbers, angiogenesis, fractions.