Determinación de las condiciones de un inóculo anaeróbico diseñado para biodegradar películas poliméricas y no poliméricas

Abstract

Currently, the accumulation of plastic waste in the environment is a problem that is getting worse every day, due to the time it takes to degrade and its endurance in the environment. To alleviate this problem, the AG-2018-24410 ordinance was issued in the city of Guayaquil, which entered into force on September 18, 2018 and allows 36 months for companies to stop producing, marketing or using plastics. single use only. To achieve this, the company Sigmaplast, responsible for designing packaging for large multinational companies, requires that the biodegradation of alternative materials to plastic be tested through a biodegradation method under anaerobic conditions. This requires the design of an anaerobic inoculum that meets the parameters established in the standard method, ASTM D5511-02. This project aims to determine the optimal growth conditions of an anaerobic inoculum designed to biodegrade polymeric and non-polymeric films, for which MO (mangrove mud) was placed in sealed bottles and incubated for 34 days at different temperatures (37 ° C and 52 ° C). A bacterial morphology variation was determined the 19 days of study being the Gram bacteria - those that predominated over the Gram +, in contrast to T0. The parameters of biogas, ST and SV measured LM comply with the standard method on which the research was based. The anaerobic inoculum obtained is a potential candidate with facultative bacteria that has the ability to degrade plastics.