Efecto de las políticas tributarias en la atracción de inversión extranjera directa: Un Análisis gravitacional en el sector de la construcción

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of tax policies on attracting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in the construction sector in Ecuador, using a gravity model. The relationship between tax revenue, governance indicators, and foreign investment flows is examined to determine the main factors affecting the inflow of capital into the country. The results indicate that regulatory quality and the rule of law significantly influence FDI, while corruption control does not show a statistically relevant effect. Additionally, it is observed that geographic distance and the size of the GDP of the investing country play a key role in investment decisions, consistent with gravity theory. The analysis shows a decline in foreign investment in construction, highlighting the need for reforms and institutional stability policies that foster investor confidence. It is recommended to further study ways to strengthen Ecuador's competitiveness as an investment destination in the sector. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, Tax Policies, Gravity Model, Construction, Ecuador.