Control bidireccional de potencia en un automóvil eléctrico con batería dual 48/12V para mayor eficiencia energética

Abstract

CONDITION FOR PUBLICATION OF PROJECT. Electric vehicles have emerged as a key alternative in the global transition toward sustainable mobility, although technical challenges related to energy efficiency and the management of dual 12 V and 48 V battery systems remain [1]. This work proposes the design of a bidirectional power control system aimed at optimizing energy transfer between both batteries, ensuring reliable supply to traction and auxiliary subsystems. To achieve this, the LM5170EVM-BIDIR converter from Texas Instruments [2] was modeled in MATLAB/Simulink, integrated with a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), and validated under representative driving cycles. Subsequently, the system was prepared for real-time execution through the OPAL-RT platform in order to reproduce dynamic conditions close to real vehicle operation. The results demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed scheme, showing that bidirectional power transfer allows maintaining safe charge levels in the batteries while improving the overall system efficiency. In conclusion, this project represents a technical contribution applicable to modern electromobility and scalable to industrial scenarios. Keywords: Electromobility, Dual batteries, Bidirectional converter, Energy efficiency, OPAL-RT.