Diseño de un calorímetro de estrangulamiento adaptado para el laboratorio de termofluidos

Abstract

CONDITION FOR PUBLICATION OF PROJECT. This proposal aims to design a throttling calorimeter adapted for the thermos-fluids laboratory at the university, specifically for the power plant system. The identified problem lies in the absence of a measuring instrument that allows for the evaluation of steam quality generated by the boiler, particularly at the outlet where wet steam reaches a pressure of 10 bar. This lack of measurement capability limits thermal analysis and efficiency control of the power plant, hindering the understanding of essential energy transfer phenomena. The importance of the proposed design lies in its ability to serve as both a didactic and technical tool for studying steam behavior under throttling conditions. Measuring steam quality is essential for assessing the performance of thermal equipment, improving the efficiency of the power cycle, and enhancing the experimental practices conducted by students. One of the main objectives is to design a device that estimates the quality of saturated steam at the boiler outlet using a throttling valve, incorporating an additional stage with an electric resistance to improve measurement conditions. This adaptation will enable more accurate analysis by bringing the steam to a more suitable state for evaluation. The project will involve proper selection of materials and sensors, as well as modeling and simulation of the system using CAD tools. As a result, a complete and theoretically validated design is expected, serving as a foundation for future implementations. This device will enhance the experimental capabilities of the thermos-fluids laboratory and significantly strengthen learning in the field of power plants. Keywords: calorimeter, steam quality, power plant, steam pressure, saturated steam