Diseño del sistema depurador de aguas residuales domésticas para 25 familias en comuna La Entrada

Abstract

CONDITIONING OF PROJECT PUBLICATION. The proper management and treatment of domestic wastewater is essential for preserving public health, preventing environmental pollution, and ensuring the sustainable development of communities. In rural areas such as the La Entrada commune, sanitary quality depends directly on the responsible management of water resources. The objective of this study is to design a treatment system for 25 families in the La Entrada commune, considering the drinking water supply, applicable local regulations, wastewater characteristics, and unit processes and operations, in order to protect the health of the inhabitants and the environment. The process used seeks to characterize the water and contextualize the current situation, collecting relevant data such as population and supply for the selection of processes and unit operations and the appropriate sizing to ensure effective operation of the wastewater treatment system. The results showed a BOD5/COD ratio of 0,33 (biodegradability), which requires a physical-chemicalbiological treatment system. With a design period of 20 years and a design flow of 3,22 L/s, a compact plant was designed that includes primary sedimentation, aeration tank, secondary clarifier, and UV disinfection system processes. The system reduces BOD5 by 89,47% and COD by 86%. Finally, there will be an initial CAPEX investment of USD 36525,76 and operating and maintenance expenses (OPEX) of USD 2208,44. Environmental costs total 1756,00 (CAPEX) and 1282,00 (OPEX) per year, excluding VAT. Keywords: wastewater, treatment, design flow, activated sludge, circular economy.