Diseño y desarrollo de un sistema de gestión en seguridad y salud ocupacional basado en la Norma ISO 45001:2018 en una empresa exportadora de camarón

Abstract

This research proposes the design of an Occupational Health and Safety Management System based on the ISO 45001:2018 standard in a company dedicated to the processing and export of aquaculture shrimp. The study focuses on the areas of cold storage, quality, and brine, aiming to evaluate compliance levels, identify missing requirements, and establish improvement actions. The research is applied, projective, and employs a mixed-method approach (quantitative– qualitative) with a non-experimental, cross-sectional, and descriptive–propositional design. Data collection tools included checklists and surveys administered to 30 workers. Findings reveal a 96.9% compliance rate with Ecuadorian legal requirements and 92.9% compliance in occupational medical services, indicating strong adherence to national regulations. Regarding ISO 45001:2018, most clauses exceed 50% compliance, demonstrating a solid management structure, though weaknesses were identified in “Organizational Context” (36%) and “Planning” (27%). Worker surveys assessed job design, environmental conditions, equipment, fire and explosion risks, contaminants, physical loads, ergonomics, psychosocial factors, and preventive activities. Based on the diagnostic results, a management system proposal was developed in alignment with ISO 45001:2018. This system integrates procedures, records, and monitoring tools to strengthen preventive culture, ensure safe working conditions, and promote continuous improvement in occupational health and safety. Keywords: occupational risk prevention, continuous improvement, shrimp industry and organizational context.