Optimización luminotécnica y eficiencia energética del alumbrado público con luminarias LED en vías públicas

Abstract

CONDITION FOR PUBLICATION OF PROJECT. lighting in urban roads is a key component for safety, energy efficiency, and the quality of life of citizens. In the city of Guayaquil, the majority of the existing infrastructure is still based on high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, which present considerable limitations in terms of energy consumption, maintenance costs, and color rendering. In contrast, light-emitting diode (LED) technology offers a more efficient, durable, and sustainable alternative. This project focuses on the technical and economic optimization of public lighting through the replacement of HPS luminaires with LED systems. A pilot street was selected to carry out real measurements of illuminance levels, energy consumption, and the current condition of luminaires. These data were compared with lighting simulations to validate performance and compliance with national and international standards. Additionally, an economic analysis was conducted to evaluate energy savings, operational costs, and investment recovery, using indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback. The results highlight significant improvements in energy efficiency, lighting quality, and long-term sustainability, demonstrating the feasibility of implementing LED technology in Guayaquil’s public lighting system as a scalable model for the entire city. Keywords: Public Lighting; LED Technology; Energy Efficiency; Lighting Simulation; Economic Analysis; Guayaquil.