Evaluación del control del flujo de una válvula en un sistema hidráulico con fines académicos

Abstract

This research focuses on the development of a dynamic mechanism to regulate flow in piping networks, specifically designed to strengthen technical engineering education. The proposal addresses the urgent need to mitigate training deficiencies in experimental automation, facilitating the practical study of the relationship between valve positioning and flow rate behavior. During the execution phase, an operational prototype was manufactured, incorporating a globe valve, pressure transducers, flow sensors, a precision actuator, and an Arduino control board. The methodological process encompassed hydraulic modeling using EPANET 2.2 software, followed by the programming of a PID control algorithm and dynamic characterization through step response tests. The findings evidenced a solid correlation with the first-order plus dead time model, reaching 𝑅2 coefficients above 0.90 in all trials. Furthermore, a predominantly linear performance of the plug was verified within the evaluated working conditions. It is established that the equipment represents an efficient and cost-effective pedagogical solution, with an investment of USD 584,9 and minimal energy consumption during its use. Keywords: PID Control, Dynamic Identification, Step Response, Laboratory Automation, EPANET.