Descubriendo microorganismos Mesófilos con capacidad de promoción de crecimiento vegetal para promover una agricultura sostenible

Abstract

In agriculture, the search for new promoting agents has been the main topic of interest in recent years due to the growing food demand, crop improvement and environmental pollution by improper use of fertilizers. The role of bacteria that promote plant growth (BPCV) through mechanisms such as phosphorus and potassium solubilization, nitrogen fixation, phytohormone production and siderophore biosynthesis has been an answer to achieve sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this research project aims to identify, characterize and subject mesophilic microorganisms with plant growth promotion capacity obtained from agricultural crops to greenhouse conditions. The methodology employed includes the use of selective culture media (Jensen’s, NBRIP, Aleksandrov and Cas Agar) for the determination of promoter mechanisms; molecular identification for bacterial strains and evaluation of physiological effects on maize plants in greenhouses. Thirteen potential BPCV strains belonging to the genera Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Leclercia, Bacillus, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas were obtained from soil samples of cocoa and banana crops; 9 strains were chosen for their capacity to solubilize phosphorus and potassium; fix nitrogen; produce AIA and siderophores in_vitro experiments. These strains were divided into groups of 3 for N, P and K under greenhouse conditions, and showed no significant influence for N, P and K bacteria, but showed a negative influence because the control showed a better development. Therefore, the BPCV did not show promoter capacity during their characterization under greenhouse conditions, but they did under in_vitro conditions, assuming that the behavior of the bacteria is influenced by other variables to be controlled. Keywords: Sustainable agriculture, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB), NPK.